Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production is crucial for both manufacturers and consumers. This article delves into the composition and properties of the raw materials used in sanitary pads.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

The primary components of sanitary pads include the top sheet, absorbent core, back sheet, and adhesive. Each of these components is made from specific raw materials that contribute to the overall functionality and comfort of the pad.

### Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is typically made from non-woven fabrics or perforated films. The materials used are chosen for their softness, breathability, and ability to wick moisture away from the skin.

### Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of the sanitary pad, responsible for absorbing and retaining menstrual fluid. It is usually composed of a blend of fluff pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP). Fluff pulp provides bulk and structure, while SAP enhances the pad’s absorbency and retention capabilities.

### Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary pad, designed to prevent leakage. It is commonly made from polyethylene or polypropylene films, which are impermeable to liquids but allow for breathability. Some back sheets also incorporate a non-woven fabric layer for added comfort.

### Adhesive

Adhesives are used to secure the sanitary pad to the underwear. They are typically made from pressure-sensitive adhesives that provide a strong yet gentle hold. The adhesive must be hypoallergenic to prevent skin irritation.

## Properties of Raw Materials

The raw materials used in sanitary pads must possess specific properties to ensure the product’s effectiveness and safety.

### Softness and Comfort

Materials used in the top sheet and back sheet must be soft and comfortable to prevent irritation and chafing. Non-woven fabrics and perforated films are chosen for their gentle touch on the skin.

### Absorbency and Retention

The absorbent core must have high absorbency and retention capabilities to handle varying flow levels. The combination of fluff pulp and SAP ensures that the pad can absorb and lock in menstrual fluid effectively.

### Breathability

Breathability is crucial to prevent discomfort and skin irritation. The top sheet and back sheet materials must allow air to circulate, keeping the skin dry and comfortable.

### Hypoallergenic

All materials used in sanitary pads must be hypoallergenic to minimize the risk of allergic reactions. This is particularly important for the adhesive and top sheet, which are in direct contact with the skin.

### Leakage Prevention

The back sheet must be impermeable to liquids to prevent leakage. Polyethylene and polypropylene films are effective in creating a barrier against menstrual fluid while maintaining breathability.

## Conclusion

The raw materials used in sanitary pads are carefully selected to ensure the product’s effectiveness, comfort, and safety. From the soft and breathable top sheet to the highly absorbent core and leak-proof back sheet, each component plays a vital role in providing a reliable and comfortable menstrual hygiene solution. Understanding the composition and properties of these materials helps in appreciating the engineering and innovation behind everyday sanitary products.